MVME340 Vme總線控制器模塊

在摩托羅拉68020處理器的VAX/VMS上,對三個交叉編譯器進行了評估。為了實時測量系統(tǒng)的響應,我們在一個帶有函數(shù)發(fā)生器和示波器的環(huán)境中,建立了一個由MVME133處理器和MVME340數(shù)字卡組成的VME系統(tǒng)。編譯器提供運行時內核??梢詫da用于實時應用程序,通過對accept語句的優(yōu)化,任務切換時間可以降低到15 – 20g的量級。

描述

MVME340 Vme總線控制器模塊

設置:
*1萬億DRAM
*摩托羅拉MC68020RC20E, 20mhz處理器
*(2) 9針前面板串口

部件編號:01-W3440B13D, 01-W3440B13E, 01-W3440B07C

預計運輸規(guī)模
外形尺寸:263 × 58 × 28mm
重量:.4.3公斤
原產國:美國

在摩托羅拉68020處理器的VAX/VMS上,對三個交叉編譯器進行了評估。為了實時測量系統(tǒng)的響應,我們在一個帶有函數(shù)發(fā)生器和示波器的環(huán)境中,建立了一個由MVME133處理器和MVME340數(shù)字卡組成的VME系統(tǒng)。編譯器提供運行時內核??梢詫da用于實時應用程序,通過對accept語句的優(yōu)化,任務切換時間可以降低到15 – 20g的量級。

艾達在過去幾年里變化很大。在該語言成為ANS I標準后不久,只有少數(shù)幾個編譯器可用,而且它們只能用來編譯有限的一組程序。我們從嵌套的泛型包和tk類型開始,只是發(fā)現(xiàn)一些經過驗證的編譯器只對測試套件有效。使用這些有限的編譯器的情況是,要花費大量時間找出編譯器在編譯時或運行時失敗的時間和原因。

進化的下一步是用于數(shù)字和數(shù)據(jù)處理程序的生產編譯器。這些編譯器可以取代大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有的Pascal和FORTRAN編譯器。任務分配可以用于中等時間的關鍵應用程序。目標機器仍然與主機相同,例如VAX。一些用戶和公司現(xiàn)在可以開始學習這種語言,并開始開發(fā)工具。

那時,Ada可以在許多應用程序中取代大多數(shù)其他語言。該語言主要是為實時應用特別是嵌入式系統(tǒng)設計的。Ada編譯器的最新發(fā)展是為功能強大的微型計算機(如Motorola 680×0系列、Intel 80X86和National 32X32)提供交叉編譯器。希望將來會有更小的微處理器的編譯器。在一個項目中,為了將Ada軟件分發(fā)到一個松散耦合的多計算系統(tǒng)中,我們將使用三個獨立的VME系統(tǒng),分別帶有cpu、內存和以太網端口。整個系統(tǒng)將用Ada編程,因此選擇一個支持低級編程并允許有效映射硬件中斷的cpu板和編譯器是必要的。

已經測試的三個交叉編譯器是來自alsysl21的Alsycomp_011,來自Telesoft/TeIeLOGIC的System Designers Ada-Plus版本3A .00 /3/和TeleGen2 /4/。從VAX/VMS到摩托羅拉68000的交叉編譯器沒有在這里測試,可以從Verdix和Tartan獲得。軟件工具和開發(fā)支持
環(huán)境支持對于程序開發(fā)來說已經足夠好了。然而,當硬件和軟件不匹配時,就會出現(xiàn)問題。如果出現(xiàn)虛假中斷,系統(tǒng)可能會掛起,從而無法重新啟動程序,甚至無法進入內核。在加載編譯和鏈接的代碼之前,將內核下載到目標中。當然,也有可能在內核中使用EPROM。在這個評估過程中,下載內核是最方便的。

當在一臺計算機上開發(fā)要在單獨的目標上運行的程序時,環(huán)境是必不可少的。但是,本文中描述的測試不需要y調試。

MVME340 Vme總線控制器模塊

Settings:
*1 trillion DRAM
* MOTOROLA MC68020RC20E,20 MHZ processor
*(2) 9-pin front panel serial port

Part Number(s): 01-W3440B13D, 01-W3440B13E, 01-W3440B07C

Estimated Shipping Size
Dimensions: 263 × 58 × 28mm
Weight:.4.3?kg
Country of Origin: United States of America

Three cross compilers hosted on a VAX/VMS for the Motorola 68020 processor hav e been evaluated . The target machine, a VME system with a MVME133 processor car d and a MVME340 digital i0-card, has been set up in an environment with a function generator and an oscilloscope in order to measure the real time response . The compilers supply the run time kernel . It is possible to use Ada for real time applications , with the use of optimization of accept statements task switch times can come down t o the order of 15 – 20 gs .

Ada has evolved drastically the last years . Soon after the language became an ANS I standard, only a few compilers were available and they could only be used to compil e a limited set of programs . We started out with nested generic packages and tas k types, only to find that some validated compilers were valid only for the test suite . The situation using these limited compilers was to spend a lot of time finding out wher e and why the compiler failed, either at compile or at run time .

The next step in the evolution came with what can be called production compilers for numeric and data handling programs . These compilers could replace most of th e existing Pascal and FORTRAN compilers . Tasking could be used for moderate tim e critical applications . Still the target machines were the same as the host, such as th e VAX . Several users and companies could now start to learn the language and start t o develop tools .

At that time Ada could replace most other languages for many applications . Th e language was primarily designed for real time applications and especially fo r embedded systems . The latest development in Ada compilers are cross compilers fo r quite powerful microcomputers like the Motorola 680X0-family, Intel 80X86 and National 32X32 . Hopefully there will be compilers for smaller micros in the future . In a project, aiming at distributing Ada software to a loosely coupled multi compute r system, three independent VME systems, with cpu, memory and Ethernet port, will b e used/1/ . The whole system will be programmed in Ada and it is therefore essential to choose a cpu-board and a compiler that supports low level programming and allow s an efficient mapping of hardware interrupts .

The three cross compilers that have been tested are the Alsycomp_011 from Alsysl2l , the System Designers Ada-Plus version 3A .00 /3/ and TeleGen2 /4/ fro m Telesoft/TeIeLOGIC . Cross compilers from VAX/VMS to Motorola 68000 not teste d here are available from Verdix and Tartan . Software tools and development support
The environment support is good enough for program development . There are , however, problems when the hardware and software do not match . If spuriou s interrupts occur, the system may hang, making it impossible to restart the program o r even get to the kernel . The kernel was downloaded into the target prior to the loadin g of the compiled and linked code . There is, of course, the possibility to use EPROM s for the kernel . During this evaluation, it was most convenient to download the kernel .

The environment is essential when developing programs on one computer to be run o n a separate target . However, the tests described in this article did not require an y debugging .

 

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